According to United Nations, around 2.2 billion people globally lack proper access to safe water services and another 2 billion people live in countries witnessing high water stress resulting in considerable number of fatalities due to water borne diseases, inadequate water purification, and lack of hygiene. Improving water utilities, and enhancing water purification technologies is the need of the hour which results in a positive impact on human health. Additionally, selection of the most efficient water purification system is very important as the water quality characteristics changes with the water source available in the respected locality and a ‘one-size-fits-all’ solution for domestic water purification cannot be adopted across the globe. Therefore, selection of an efficient domestic water purification system warrants the immediate need to increase focus on low cost and energy efficient water purification technologies to supply freshwater and reduce the negative impacts of waterborne diseases on human health and environment.